Excavating and loading machine



E. KEAST.

EXCAVATING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.24, I92I.

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EXCAVATING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man 1AN.24,1921.

Patented. July M, 1922.

4 sHEETssHEET 2.

WW1/woo L KEAST.

EXCAVATING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 24 192|.

Patented July III, 1922,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

E. KEAST.

EXCAVATING AND LOADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED IAN.24, I92I. l ,422,7671 Patented July IL 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UI @L nvemtoz wilma@ wd/ da l www@ . ERNEST Knas'a'or Nneaniina,MICHIGAN.

EXCAYATING AND LOADING- MACHINE.

Lazare?.

T o aZZ whom t may concern Be it known that I, ERNEST KnAsr, a citizenof the United States residing at Negaunee, in the county of Marquetteand State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Excavating and Loading Machines; and I-do de.

clare the followingl to be a full, clear', and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the saine.

This invention relates to an 1m roved excavating and loading machine foruse 1 n mining, and. one object of the-'invention is to provide amachine of the character d escribed so constructed that it may be u sedin digging a tunnel, the machine having a shovel for scooping up.material at the end of the tunnel and delivering the material to a' carto the rear of the machine and upon vthe same track.

' Another object of the invention is to so construct the machine thatthe carriage lhaving the shovel pivotally connected therewith maybemoved forwardly upon/ the truck of the machine or rearwardly, improvedmeans being provided for swinging the scoop and scoop carrying armsvertically and dumping means being provided to engage the scoop carryingarms and swing the arms and scoop back toward :a lowered position afterbeing emptied.

Another object of the invention is to s o mount the carriage upon thetruck that it may swing horizontally thus permitting the scoop to engagematerial at the sides of the tunnel as well as directly in front of themachine. A

Another object of the` invention is to provide improved air-actuatedoperating means for moving the excavating shovel longitudinally of thetruck, checking means being providedto prevent this shovel frommovingtoo rapidly.

Another object of the invention is to so arrange the actuating andcontrolling means for the carriage that the valves of the air cylinderand oil cylinders' may be simultaneously operated.

This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

'Figure l is a top plan view of the improved machine.

Figure 2 is a view showing the machine in rear elevation.

Specication of Letters Patent. Pattgmtd July 119 19220 Application ledJanuary '24,. 14921. Serial No. 489,569. i

Figure 3 is a side. elevation of the iniproved machine;

Figure 4 is a top plan. View looking at the base plate of the carriage.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of the controlling structure for thecarriage.

cated in general by the numeral 2 and provided. with axles 3 havingwheels 4 for `engaging the rails 1. This truck, includes a plate orplatform 5 having brackets 6 se-` cured thereto and supporting pulleywheels 7 which are vertically disposed and positioned beneath theplatform at the forward and rear ends of the truck. Cylinders 8 aremounted beneath the site sides of the truck and each is provided with' apiston 9 which extendsl through the head at the forward end of itscylinder. Cables 10 and 11 have been providedI as shown, the cable 10extending across the rear of the truck and having its end portionspassed about the pulley wheels at the rear end of the truck Vand thencarried forwardly and connected with the pistons 9. The cables 11 areconnected with the forward corner portions of the platform 5 and afterbeing engaged with the pulley wheels 14 at the forward ends of thepistons are engaged with the pulleys 7 and then connected with thetongue 12 which extends forwardly and downwardly from the base plate 13of the carriage mounted vupon the truck. Suitable air pipes 15 have beenprovided so that compressed air maybey adlmitted to the cylinders 8, itbeing understood that air will only be admitted to one cylinder at atime so that one piston may be forced through its cylinder to draw uponthe cables 1l and swing the base plate of the carriage to one side. Theprovision of the rear cables 10 will prevent the pistons from havingmovement independent of each other and the cables 11 will thus at alltimes be kept tight and prevented from becoming slack.

The carriage is provided with side walls 16 which terminate in bearingbracket extensions 17 for rotatably mounting a roller 18. As previouslyexplained, this carriage is pivotally connected with the truck by meansof a pivot bolt or pin 19 so that if desired, the carriage may be swungupon platform `5 at oppo-` a longitudinally extending centrally disvangle-iron track scoop from the fillin the truck to one -side or theother, thus permitting the scoop 2O to remove dirt and rock from theside portions of a tunnel as well as from directly in front of themachine. This scoop is carried by supporting arms 21 which extendrearwardly of the machine vand have their rear end portions looselymounted upon axles 22 which have mounted thereon, inner and outerrollers or "wheels 23 and 24. The inner rollers 23 rest upon the trackbars-25 and the outer rollers or wheels 24 rest upon the bars 26 guardstrips 27. These guard strips 27 serve to prevent the outer rollers fromleaving the track rails 26. The supporting arms 21 are to be swungupwardly and move the position shown in full lines in Fig. 3 to teqelevated or dumpingposition indicated 'by dotted lines in this figureso that the earth and rock. may be deposited in a suitable freight caror other vsimilar car mountedl upon the rails to the rear of theexcavating and loadingmachine. In addition to swinging upwardly, thescoop is to be moved forwardly and rearwardl and in order todo so, therehas been provi ed a pusher having side arms 28'which side arms aremounted upon the axles 22 and have thlir outer end portions connected bya cross bar 29. These side arms 28 are. proy vided with longitudinallyextending upstanding side flanges 3() from which extend standards 31,These standards 31 have their upper end portions 32 carried toward eachyother in converging relation as shown in Fig.

2 and terminate in upstanding -ears which provide bearings 33 torotatably mount the roller 34. A chest 35 is mounted upon the platform13'andthis chest is provided with posed cylinder 36 and longitudinallyextending cylinders 37 which are positioned u on opposite sides of thecylinder 36 and sma ler in diameter. The cylinder 36 is an air cylinderand the cylinders 37 are fluid cylinders to contain water, oil or anyother suitable fluid. A relatively large piston 38 is mounted in thecylinder 36 and smaller pistons 39 are mounted in the cylinders 37, thepistons having close fit with the walls of the cylinders so that thesepistons may move longitudinally through the cylinders but air and fluidmay not pass the pistons. Piston 38 is provided with a piston rod 40which extends through the forward end of the cylinder 36 and isconnected with the cross bar 29 and the pistons 39 are provided withpiston rods 41 which also extend through the forward ends of theircylinders and have their forward end portions connected with the crossbar 29. From aninspection of the drawings, it will be readily seen thatwhen the piston 38 which may be termed a driving piston is moved throughits cylinder, the

and beneath the\ shovel or scoop may be moved longitudinally y toorapidly.

It is desired to control movement of the pistons through their cylindersand in order todo so, the structure shown in Fig. 5 has been provided.Referring to this figure, it will be seen that there has been provided avalve 42, the valve 42 being provided with an inlet neck 43 havingengagement with a supply pipe 44 which pipe will lead from a suitablesource of compressed air.` An outlet neck 45 is provided for .this valve42 and side arms 46 and 47 have been provided for engagement with pipes48 and 49 leading to and communicating with opposite end portions of thecylinder 36. The rotatable'core 50/ of this valve is provided witharcuate passages 51 and 52 and from an inspection of this-figure, itwill be readily seen that when this core is rotated through the mediumof the actuating 4lever or handle 53, the

land the second side arm. Therefore, compressed air may be allowed topass through one ofthe pipes 48 or 49 and into one end of the cylinder36- to move the piston 38 longitudinally through the cylinder, air beingforced out of the cylinder through the second pipe' and through theoutlet of the valve. While thelpiston 38l is moving longitudinally, thepistons 39 will also move longitudi- ,nally in their cylinders and theoil, water or Iother liquid will be forced through outlets at the endsof these cylinders and by means of pipes will be led to and will passinto the cylinders-41 at the opposite ends thereof. This pipingmentioned consists of pipes 54 which are connected with the end portionsof one cylinder 41 and extend across the chest to the vopposite sidethereof where vthey are extended toward and connected with the oppositeendportions of a valve 55.

' Branch pipes 56 are provided and connected with the end portion ofthezsecond cylinder 37 and it will thus be seen that the pipes will havecommunication with the end portions of both of the cylinders 37. Thecore 57 of the valve 55 is provided with a passage 58 so thatcommunication may be established between the two pipes 54 and theactuating handle or lever 59 of this 'valve 55 is engaged by a link 60which is connected with a bell-crank lever 61, the bell-crank 61 beingin its turn connected with a bell-crank lever 62 by means of a link 63.This bellcrank lever 62 is connected with the lever 53 by means of alink 64 and it will thus be seen that when the lever 53 is moved toadrecare? just the core o'f the velvet/42, the core 57 of'.

the' valve 55 will also be moved and thus the two valves operatedtogether. When the valve 42 is closed as Ashown in 'Fig 5, the valve 55'will valso be closed and when the Valve 42 is adjusted toestablishcommunication between the pipe 44 and oneof the pipes leading tov oneend ofthe cylinder 36 66 is passed over the rollers-18 and 34 and isconnected with the scoop so that when the cable is wound upon the drum,the scoopl and arm 2l will be swung upwardly tothe dotted line positionof Fig. 3. In order to prevent the arms from swinging upwardly andstriking the roller 18, a violent blow, there have been provided checksin the form of rollers 67 rotatably mounted between arms 68 which arepivotally mounted by means of a shaft 69 which extendsI transverselyacross the rear endA portion ofthe machine. Springs 70 are connectedwith the side walls 16 and` `arms 68 so that the arms will be yieldablyheld against upward swinging movement.

`by the arms 21 and therefore the arms 2],

It will thus be seen that the springswill be expanded when the rollers67 are engaged will be prevented from striking violently against theroller 18 and further that the sp-rings 70 will tend to throw the arms21 forwardly after they dirt and rock has passed out of the scoop.Therefore, the scoop will tend to return to a lowered position when thehoisting engine is reversed and the drum rotated to permit unwinding ofthe cable;

Vhen this device is in use, it will be moved along the track laid in thetunnel and brought to a stop adjacent the inner end of the tunnel wherea pile of rock, dirt and other similar material has been cut or blastedfrom the inner end portion of a tunnel being constructed. The lever 53will be moved 'to open the valve 55 and admit air through the pipe 49into the rear end portion of the cylinder 36 and as this compressed airenters the cylinder, the piston 38 will be moved forwardly thus causing4the shovel to be thrust forwardly as previously explained, the air infront of the piston passing out of the cylinder through the pipe 48 andout through the outlet 45. As soon as the shovel has been filled,forward movement of the shovel will be discontinued by operation of thelever 53 and the shovel can then bel swung upwardly by operating thehoisting engine to 'rotate the drum 65 and wind the cable 66 thereon.rlhe air may be admitted to the forward end of the cylinder 36 to i,

move the scoop'carrier structure rearwardly as the cable. is wound uponthe drum or the carriage may be first moved rearwardly and the drumthen' rotated to wind the cable'and swing the arms upwardly. When thescoop or shovel reaches the position indicated by lotted lines, the rockor dirt will pass out of the same. andv into a dirt car upon the -trackto the rear ofthe excavating machine.

After the scoop is emptied, the drum may be released and the springsactingupon the arms 68 will swing the arms downwardly,r thus moving thearms 21 forwardly a. sufficient amount for the weight of the shovel andarms to carry J'the arms downwardly. The rotation of the drum while,unwinding will be' controlled so that the scoop will move easily to thelowered position. Itwill thus be seen that there has been provided anexcavator which may operate upon a track having the dirt car to the rearo f it and further that forward and rearward movement of the carriagewill be controlled and the carriage prevented from moving forwardly andrearwardly beyond a desired speed by the fluid which must be forced outof the cylinders 37 through one end and back into the cylinders throughthe opposite ends. It will be further noted that the carn riage may be-swung to one side by means of air admitted to the cylinders 8 so thatrock and dirt may be removedfrom the side portions ofthe tunnel as wellas directly in front of the excavator.

I claim:

1. In a structure of the character de-y scribed, a truck, a carriagemounted upon said truck for transverse swinging movement, an armextension at one end of said carriage intermediate its width, actuatinmeans movable longitudinally of said trucl and positioned adjacent thelsides thereof, guides carried by said truck, cables connected with saidarm and engaging certain of -said guides and slidably engaging saidactuating means and secured to said truck, and a cable engaging other ofsaid guides and having its end portions connected with said actuatingmeans at the opposite ends thereof from said first mentioned cables.

2. In a structure of the character described, a truck, a carriagepivotally mounted uponv said truck for transverse swinging movement,Huid cylinders carried by said truck and having piston rods slidingthrough their forward ends, .glides carried by the side portions of saidtruck at the forward and rear ends thereof, cables connected with theforward end portion of said carriage intermediate its width and engagedwith the guides at the forward end of the truck and slidably engagingsaid piston rods and connected with said truck, and a cable extendingacross the rear portion of said truck and 4. An excavating machinecomprising a body, a scoop, carrlers movable longitudinally of saidbody, arms for said scoop pivoted-to lsaid carriers, a yokehaving across bar and arms pivoted to said carriers, means for swinging vsaidscoop vertically, means for returning the scoop towards'a loweredosition, means connected with said cross bar Ifor imparting longitudinalmovement to said scoop, and -means'connected with said cross bar forcontrolling longitudinal movement of said scoop. v

5. An excavating machine comprising a body, a scoop, carriers movablelongitudinally of said body, arms for said scoop pivoted to saidcarriers for vertical swinging movement, a yoke having arms pivoted tosaid carriers, standards carried by the arms of said yoke, a rollercarried by said standards, a roller carried by said body, hoisting meansincluding a drum and a cable wound upon dsaid drum, and carried oversaid rollers and connected with said scoop, and means connected withsaid yoke for imparting longitudinal movement to the same. l

6. An excavating machine comprising a carrier having a bottom and sidewalls spaced upper and lower tracks carried by the side walls, innertracksv carried by the bottom in spaced relation to the lower tracks ofthe side walls, a scoop, arms carrying said scoop, rollers positionedbetween the upper and lower tracks of the side` walls and other rollersresting upon the inner tracks, axles carrying said rollers and hav- 'ingsaid arms loosely mounted thereon,

a yoke having side arms engaging said axles, means engaging said yokefor moving said scoop longitudinally, and means for swinging the scoopand scoop carrying arms vertically. y

7. An excavating machine -comprising a body, carrier means movablelongltudinally 0f said body, an implement having arms connectedwith/said carrier means for ver-l ing a piston therein and a piston rodextending from the piston through the end of the cylinder, a, push barcarried by said piston rods for engaging said implement, conduits'having communication with opposite ends of said fluid cylinder and aircylinder, a;

valve for the conduit of the fluid cylinder, a valve for the conduit Vofthe air cylinder having an outlet and having ,communication with .a feedpipe, and means for simultaneously adjusting said valves.

8. An excavatin machine comprising a body, carriers movblelongitudinally thereof, a scoop having arms connectedwithlsaid carriers,a yoke connected withsaid carriers, an air cylinder, fluid cylinders,lpistons in saidl cylinders having piston shafts connected with saidyoke, a'valve controlled conduit having connections withl opposite -endsof said {iuid cylinders, a valve controlled conduit havingconnectionswith opposite ends ofthe air cylinder, actuating means forthe valve of each conduit, and means for imparting movement from theactuating means of one valve to the other. n o

' 9. An excavating machine comprising a body, carrier means carried bysaid body and movable longitudinally thereof, an implement having armscarried by said carrier means for vertical swinging movement, and meansfor imparting longitudinal movement to the carrier means and implementand controlling movement thereof, said means including cylinders havingpistons movable therein, piston rods extending from the pistons throughthe ends of the cylinders, a push bar carried by the pistons forengaging the implement, conduits having -their end portionscommunicating with -said cylinders, a valvel connecting the end portionsof one conduit and having an actuating lever h and1e, a valve for thesecond conduit connecting the end portions thereof and having an inletand an outlet, a plug forl the last mentioned valve for selectivelyestablishmg Acommunication between the inlet and one end portion of itsconduit and the outlet and second end portion of the conduit, a leverhandle for said lug, and means connecting said lever han les fortransmitting movement from the one to the other.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

ERNEST KEAST.

